Narcissistic personality disorder (NPD)
A personality disorder is a nonstandard or uncharacteristic behavior that the person doesn't change albeit it causes emotional issues and mess with other people at work and in relationships. Narcissistic Personality Disorder (NPD) is a pattern of self-absorbed or egotistical conduct that reveals itself in thoughts and actions in various different situations. The diagnostic hallmark of pathological narcissism is grandiosity.
Psychologists believe that narcissism is a result of childhood emotional deprivation, yet the clinical studies illustrate narcissists as reluctant rather than incapable, therefore consider narcissistic behaviors as volitional that is, narcissism is termed a personality disorder but actually it is a character disorder. This feature is important for the diagnosis and treatment possibilities. NPD due to emotional deprivation in childhood and following developmental short-circuits can be an irremediable condition. Alternatively, if narcissism is a 'learned' behavior pattern, then there is something to cheer about, however unsubstantiated, that it can also be 'unlearned'.
Risk factors
The cause of narcissistic personality disorder isn't exactly known, but generally the risk factors may include:
- A hypersensitive attitude in childhood
- Hedonistic lifestyle provided by parents
- Inculcation of manipulative behaviors from parents
- Unnecessary appreciation that is not balanced with sensible feedback
- Erratic or untrustworthy care by parents and emotional abuse in early years
Recent studies estimated that incidence of NPD is 1% in the general population. This disorder is more common in males (75%) than females. Narcissistic traits are very common in teenagers, but most of them grow out of this behavior. Sadly, for some, this narcissistic behavior endures and builds up into adulthood .NPD hampers with people's performance in their jobs and in their relationships:
Mild impairment when self-interested or egocentric behavior results in sporadic minor problems, but the person is normally doing pretty well.
Moderate impairment when Narcissistic Personality Disorder results in frequently abscond from job or school, regularly shun or alienating from friends, numerous suicidal fixation; repeatedly neglecting family, or recurrently abusing others or criminal activities.
Extreme impairment when Narcissistic Personality Disorder results in staying single all day and complete withdrawal from all friends and family. There is also severe risk of harming self and others. They generally ignore personal hygiene.
How to find out a narcissist?
- The most important characteristic of narcissists is they believe that they are always right no matter what; narcissists are stubborn to oppose changes.
- A narcissist can be supercilious, egotistical, snobbish, or out of touch but almost everyone has these traits.
- Narcissists' lack of empathy and their inability to pay attention when others are talking is so striking that their neurological problems affect their cognitive functioning.
- They are obviously hypnotized by a fixed fantasy image of themselves.
- They borrow their views, likings and tastes from whoever strikes them to be reliable at the moment.
Narcissism is different from Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD)
Both classes of patients have the fear of being judged as inadequate or imperfect. Narcissists and patients with anxiety disorders relentlessly fail to correspond to a personal, insensitive, and aggressive critic and an ostentatious, magnified self-image.
The narcissist is egotistical and they are proud and happy about what they are. The GAD patient is disturbed, worried and looks for help and a way out of their quandary. Narcissists generally withdraw from social activities because he does not deem his challengers, associates, or friends worthy of his efforts. But patients with Anxiety Disorders plunge themselves in their work and their business. To be exact, they get drowned.
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